Soil Nailing , Soil Nailing Technique, Types of soil nailing

Soil Nailing

SOIL NAILING AND SOIL NAILING TECHNIQUE

INTRODUCTION OF SOIL NAILING➱

Soil Nailing Is a process To Make The soil or Soil fill  More Able to resist loads (direct loads, Shear Loads Radial loads etc) Or to Make it more stable,Soil nailing Provides reinforcement To soil hence the soil becomes more stable,

Generally Soil Nailing Technique is used in steep sloppy area, high fill area, High embankment, retaining walls And other Structures where There is more chance of failure of soil,

Here in this post we are going to describe about soil nailing process, soil nailing technique, types of soil nailing and its applications,

How does a soil nail wall work?

SOIL NAILING PROCESS- TECHNIQUE➱

What is soil nailing technique?

In the Process or Technique of Soil Nailing The Soil Is Reinforced With An Element Such As Self Drilling Anchor  Bar Or Reinforcing Bars Which Are called Nails See in the fig. 

These Self Drilling Anchor bars or Reinforcing Bars are installed into Self Drilled holes or pre-drilled holes and after it grouted with contentious mix, 

These Self Drilling Anchors or Reinforcing bars are installed at an angle of 5 to 20 degrees with vertical generally or any other angle which is specified,

As The Drilling Work Proceeds ,The concrete, Shotcrete or any other Drilling materials are used on The drilled face to grout the nails, 

Soil nailing Details

MACHINERY REQUIRED FOR SOIL NAILING➱

➤Grouting and mixing Equipments,

➮High speed shear Colloidal mixer,Grout pump, 

➤Drilling Equipment,

➮Rotary Air Flushed and water Flushed drilling machine, Tricone bit ,Rigid Drill Rods,

➤Compressor,

➤Shotcreting  Or Guniting Equipment,

MATERIALS REQUIRED FOR SOIL NAILING➱

➤Reinforcing Steel Rods Or Nails,

➤Self drilling anchor(SDA) bars,

Self Drilling Anchor

➤Shotcrete, Concrete of Any other grouting material,

➤Grout mix, 

ORIGIN OF SOIL NAILING TECHNIQUE➱

➤The soil nailing technique was first time implemented in France near Versailles for a Rail road widening Project in 1972,

Soil nailing

➤The soil nailing Technique in united states was used first time for the support of a 13.7 metre deep foundation excavation in dense silty sand in 1976,

TYPES OF SOIL NAILING -METHODS➱

How do you install soil nails?

Following Are the Various Types of Soil Nailing Methods or process,

Inserting nails and fixing plates soil nailing

Using Shotcrete and grouting

1-Grouted Soil Nailing or Drilled Soil Nailing 

➤In This Type of Soil Nailing , Drilling is done in the Wall or the Slope Face Where naling is Required ,

➤Then the Nails are inserted in the Drilled Holes,

➤After it the Drilled hole is Filled with Cement Slurry, Shotcrete or any other Grouting Material,

➤The Diameter Of Nails Are Taken From 100 mm to 200 mm And the Spacing between each nails Are Taken 1.5 meter,

Grouted soil nailing

2- Driven Soil Nailing 

➤This Type Of Soil Nailing Is used for temporary Stabilization of Slopes,

➤This Soil Nailing Is Faster Than Other nailing methods,

➤In This Soil Nailing Method , The Reinforcement bars are inserted in the face of slope While the Excavation Activity is Going On,

➤The Diameter of Reinforcing bars are normally 19 mm to 25 mm, Which Smaller in size as Compared to Others,

➤The Spacing between Nails is Provided 1 meter to 1.2 meter,

➤In The Driven Soil Nailing There is no Protection of Nails from Corrosion And Rusting,

Driven soil nailing

3- Self Drilling Soil Nailing

➤Self Drilling Anchors (SDA) Bars or Hollow bars are used in self drilling soil nailing,

➤Bars are inserted and Drilled into the surface, and at the same time Grout is injected While the Drilling Process is going on,

➤In Self Drilling Soil nailing The Self Drilling Anchors Or hollow Reinforcing Bars Are More Protected From Corrosion and rusting as compared to Driven soil nailing method,

➤This is Faster Than Driven Soil Nailing,

Self drilling soil nailing

4-Jet Grouted Soil Nailing

➤In This Soil nailing method ,The water jets Are used for eroding The Soil To make holes in the surface,

➤After it the Reinforcing Steel Bars Are inserted and fitted in the ready holes and grouting is done with shotcrete, Concrete or Other Grouting materials,

➤In Jet Grouted Soil Nailing The Reinforcing Steel bars are protected From corrosion and rusting,

Jet grouted soil nailing

5- Launched Soil Nailing

➤In launched soil nailing , The Reinforcing steel bars are inserted Forcefully into surface in a single shot with the help of of highly compressed air mechanism,

➤In This Method The Installation process of nails is fast, But it is difficult to control over length of bars penetrating the surface,

➤The length of Reinforcing nails is around 6 meter and the diameter is 38 mm,

Launched soil nailing

APPLICATIONS OF SOIL NAILING➱

➤Soil nailing is used for stabilization of Of Existing Retaining walls,

➤In Excavating retaining structures in urban areas for high rise buildings and underground utilities,

➤In Eradicating and Redemption of Landslide,

➤Stabilizing the Roadways, Highways, and expressways embankments and steep slopes,

➤Retrofitting and construction of abutments of bridges,

➤Steep cutting stabilization,

➤Stabilization of over steep existing embankments,

➤Providing long term stability to existing concrete structures without demolition and rebuilding costs,

➤Temporary excavation shoring,

➤Stabilization of Rail road cut slopes,

➤For Strengthening The Tunnel portals in steep and unstable slopes,

➤For Stabilization of Slopes in hilly areas where roads are constructed, where movement of vehicles, peoples or animals is more,

Soil nailing 

ASSUMPTIONS AND CONSIDERATIONS IN INSTALLATION OF SOIL NAILS➱

➤Soil Nailing Should be started within some limit of time after excavation, any delay may lead to collapse of soil slope,

➤Reinforcing bars or soil nails must penetrate beyond the slip plane into the passive zone for 4 meter to 5 meter,

➤Metallic reinforcement soil nails gets corroded,

➤The Area occupied by Reinforcing soil nails is sterilized and the site posed constraints to the development in future,

Soil nailing Anchor plates

What is soil nail wall?

ADVANTAGES OF SOIL NAILING➱

What are the advantages of soil nailing?

➤With the help of soil nailing the erosion of soil of high fill, high embankment or steep slope can be avoided,

➤After soil nailing The age, durability and stability increases,

➤Soil nailing is suitable for confined locations with difficult access As the Equipment required for soil nailing is small and mobile to use,

➤The failure of soil nailing system is ductile in nature that's why it provide warning signs before failure,

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